In this article, you will find out everything you need to know about shoulder labral tears and the most effective ways to treat them, including an advanced treatment called Prolotherapy.
If you are dealing with shoulder pain, popping, or instability, you may have a labral tear. This guide explains what a shoulder labral tear is, its causes, symptoms, and the best treatment options—both non-surgical and surgical—so you can make informed decisions about your care.
Table of Contents
- Key Takeaways
- Understanding the Labrum and Shoulder Joint
- Causes of Labral Tear Shoulder
- Symptoms of a Labral Tear
- Types of Labral Tears
- Diagnosing a Labral Tear
- Non-Surgical Treatment Options
- Surgical Treatment for Labral Tears
- Preventing Labral Tears
- Summary
- Frequently “`html
Asked Questions - Contact ProHealth Clinic
- Author Bio
- References
Key Takeaways
- Shoulder labral tears are often caused by trauma, repetitive overhead activity, or age-related degeneration.
- Symptoms include pain, instability, clicking, and reduced range of motion.
- Treatment ranges from physical therapy and medication to advanced options like Prolotherapy and arthroscopic surgery.
Understanding the Labrum and Shoulder Joint
The shoulder is a ball-and-socket joint, where the upper arm bone (humerus) fits into the glenoid cavity of the shoulder blade. The labrum is a ring of cartilage that deepens the socket, stabilizes the joint, and anchors ligaments. Damage to the labrum can lead to pain, instability, and loss of function.
Causes of Labral Tear Shoulder
- Trauma: Falls, direct blows, or shoulder dislocations (often causing Bankart tears).
- Repetitive Overhead Activity: Common in athletes (e.g., baseball pitchers, swimmers) and can cause SLAP tears.
- Degeneration: Age-related wear and tear weakens the labrum over time.
Symptoms of a Labral Tear
- Persistent shoulder pain, especially with movement or overhead activity
- Sensation of instability or the shoulder “giving way”
- Clicking, popping, or grinding sounds
- Reduced range of motion and strength
These symptoms can disrupt daily activities and athletic performance. Seek medical advice if you notice these signs.
Types of Labral Tears
- SLAP Tears (Superior Labrum Anterior to Posterior): Occur at the top of the labrum where the biceps tendon attaches. Common in athletes and those with repetitive overhead motion.
- Bankart Tears: Occur at the front of the labrum, often after a shoulder dislocation, and are more common in younger people.
Accurate diagnosis of the tear type is essential for effective treatment.
Diagnosing a Labral Tear
- Physical examination with special tests to provoke symptoms and assess stability
- MRI or MR arthrography for detailed imaging of the labrum
- Arthroscopy may be used for direct visualization if diagnosis is uncertain
High-field MRI (3T) and experienced radiologists improve diagnostic accuracy.
Non-Surgical Treatment Options
- Rest and activity modification
- Physical therapy to restore strength and flexibility (typically 6–8 weeks)
- NSAIDs and corticosteroid injections for pain and inflammation
- Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections for some cases
If symptoms persist after conservative care, surgery may be considered.
Prolotherapy
In recent years, Prolotherapy has built its reputation within the medical community for its clinically proven ability to treat labral tears[1].
Published research has shown its pain-relieving, anti-inflammatory, and regenerative benefits. Prolotherapy involves injecting a natural regenerative solution with tiny needles, stimulating collagen production and tissue repair. As Prolotherapy treats the root cause, it is considered a long-term solution, preventing symptoms from returning.
Surgical Treatment for Labral Tears
When non-surgical treatments fail, arthroscopic surgery is the gold standard. Surgeons use small incisions and a camera to:
- Repair or reattach the torn labrum
- Remove frayed tissue or bone spurs
- Restore stability to the shoulder
Recovery includes sling use for 4–6 weeks and a structured rehabilitation program. Athletes may need up to a year for full return to sport.
Preventing Labral Tears
- Warm up and stretch before activity
- Strengthen shoulder and rotator cuff muscles
- Use proper technique in sports and lifting
- Maintain good posture and avoid repetitive overhead movements when possible
Summary
Shoulder labral tears can cause pain, instability, and loss of function. Early diagnosis and a tailored treatment plan—ranging from physical therapy and Prolotherapy to surgery—can restore shoulder health and prevent recurrence. Prevention through strengthening and proper technique is key for long-term joint health.
Frequently Asked Questions
What does a labral tear feel like?
Shoulder labral tears often cause pain, clicking, popping, instability, and reduced range of motion. Pain may worsen with overhead activity or lifting.
How is a labral tear diagnosed?
Diagnosis involves a physical exam, MRI or MR arthrography, and sometimes arthroscopy for direct visualization.
What are the non-surgical treatment options for a labral tear?
Rest, physical therapy, NSAIDs, corticosteroid or PRP injections, and Prolotherapy are common non-surgical options.
When is surgery necessary for a labral tear?
Surgery is considered if conservative treatments fail or if the tear causes persistent instability or pain.
How long does recovery take after labral tear surgery?
Most people need 4–6 weeks in a sling and several months of physical therapy. Athletes may need up to a year for full return to sport.
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Author Bio
References
- Rabago D, et al. “Prolotherapy in Primary Care Practice.” Prim Care. 2010;37(1):65-80.
- Kim SH, et al. “Arthroscopic treatment of SLAP lesions: a review.” Clin Orthop Surg. 2013.
- Schwartzberg R, et al. “Diagnostic accuracy of MRI for labral tears of the shoulder.” J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2016.
- Andrews JR, et al. “Shoulder injuries in athletes: the role of arthroscopy.” Am J Sports Med. 1985.
- Wilk KE, et al. “Rehabilitation of the overhead throwing athlete: there is more to it than just external rotation/internal rotation strengthening.” PM&R. 2011.