Author: Mr Oliver Eaton BSc (Hons), PG.Cert – Orthopaedic Specialist
Reviewed by: Mr William Sharples BSc (Hons) – Pain Management Expert
Last Updated: September 2025
In this article, you will find out everything you need to know about locked knees and the most effective ways to treat them, including an advanced treatment called Prolotherapy.
A locked knee can leave you unable to straighten or bend your leg, causing significant pain and discomfort. This article explores the causes, symptoms, and best treatments for locked knees, including advanced options for lasting relief.
Table of Contents
Key Takeaways
- Locked knees can be true (mechanical blockage) or pseudo (pain-induced muscle spasm).
- Common causes include meniscus tears, loose bodies, ligament injuries, arthritis, patellar maltracking, and plica syndrome.
- Treatment ranges from rest and physical therapy to surgery and advanced options like Prolotherapy.
Understanding Locked Knee
A locked knee is the inability to bend or straighten the knee. It can be:
- True knee locking: Caused by a mechanical blockage (e.g., meniscus tear, loose body) that physically prevents movement.
- Pseudo knee locking: Caused by pain-induced muscle spasm, not a physical obstruction.
True locking is like a door jammed by debris, while pseudo locking is a protective muscle response to pain. Accurate diagnosis is key for effective treatment.
Common Causes of a Locked Knee
- Meniscus tears: Especially “bucket handle” tears, which can block the joint and cause true locking.
- Loose bodies: Bone or cartilage fragments that float in the joint and block movement.
- Ligament injuries: ACL or other ligament ruptures can destabilize the knee and cause locking sensations.
- Arthritis: Degenerative changes and inflammation can lead to chronic pain and stiffness.
- Patellar maltracking: The kneecap moves out of its groove, causing pain and instability.
- Plica syndrome: Inflammation of the knee’s protective membrane, leading to locking and discomfort.
Symptoms and Diagnosis of Locked Knee
Common symptoms include:
- Pain, swelling, and joint stiffness
- Inability to fully extend or bend the knee
- Popping or clicking sensations (true locking)
- Muscle spasms (pseudo locking)
Diagnosis involves a physical exam and imaging (MRI) to assess joint structures and rule out serious causes. Early detection and treatment are crucial for recovery.
Treatment Options for Locked Knee
Conservative Treatments
- Rest and activity modification
- Ice packs to reduce swelling
- Anti-inflammatory medications (NSAIDs)
- Physical therapy to restore mobility and strength
These approaches are often effective for pseudo knee locking and mild cases of true locking. Tailored exercise programs and pain management are essential for recovery.
Prolotherapy
In recent years, Prolotherapy has built its reputation within the medical community for its clinically proven ability to treat locked knees.
Published research has shown its pain-relieving, anti-inflammatory, and regenerative benefits. Prolotherapy involves injecting a natural regenerative solution with tiny needles, stimulating collagen production and tissue repair. As Prolotherapy treats the root cause, it is considered a permanent fix, preventing symptoms from returning.
Disclaimer: The information provided in this section is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Prolotherapy may not be suitable for everyone, and outcomes can vary. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare professional regarding your specific medical condition or treatment options. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of information you have read here.
Surgical Interventions
- Arthroscopic surgery to remove loose bodies or repair meniscus tears
- Ligament reconstruction for severe instability
- Total knee replacement for advanced arthritis or degenerative disease
Most procedures are minimally invasive, allowing for faster recovery and less risk of complications. Post-surgical rehabilitation is crucial for restoring function and preventing recurrence.
Post-Treatment Care
Rehabilitation exercises and physical therapy are essential after any intervention. These help restore range of motion, reduce swelling, and rebuild strength. Regular follow-ups ensure optimal recovery and address any concerns early.
Preventing Knee Locking
- Strengthen leg muscles (squats, lunges, hamstring curls, single-leg squats)
- Warm up before activity and use proper technique
- Avoid sudden twists or high-impact movements
- Regular check-ups, especially if you have a history of knee injuries
Physical therapy can provide a tailored exercise plan to address muscle imbalances and improve knee stability.
Summary
Locked knee can result from mechanical blockages, pain-induced muscle spasms, or degenerative changes. Early diagnosis and a tailored treatment plan—ranging from conservative care and Prolotherapy to surgery—are key to restoring knee function and preventing recurrence. Prevention through strengthening, proper technique, and regular check-ups is essential for long-term knee health.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the difference between true knee locking and pseudo knee locking?
True knee locking is caused by a mechanical blockage (e.g., meniscus “`html
pseudo knee locking is due to pain-induced muscle spasm without a physical obstruction. True locking usually requires intervention to remove the blockage, while pseudo locking often improves with pain management and physical therapy.
What are the common causes of a locked knee?
Common causes include meniscus tears (especially bucket handle tears), loose bodies in the joint, ligament injuries, arthritis, patellar maltracking, and plica syndrome.
How is a locked knee diagnosed?
Diagnosis involves a physical exam to assess range of motion and stability, often followed by imaging such as MRI to identify the underlying cause.
What are the treatment options for a locked knee?
Treatment ranges from conservative methods (rest, ice, NSAIDs, physical therapy) to advanced options like Prolotherapy and, if needed, minimally invasive surgery to remove blockages or repair damaged tissue.
How can I prevent knee locking?
Strengthen your leg muscles, avoid sudden twists or high-impact activities, warm up before exercise, and have regular check-ups if you have a history of knee problems.
Contact ProHealth Clinic Today for Your FREE 15-Minute Discovery Call
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Author Bio
References
- Kim S, et al. “Locked knee: causes and management.” J Orthop Surg Res. 2018;13:197.
- Arthroscopy Association of North America. “Meniscus Tears and Locked Knee.” arthroscopy.org
- British Journal of Sports Medicine. “Knee injuries: diagnosis and management.” 2020.
- Rabago D, et al. “Prolotherapy in Primary Care Practice.” Prim Care. 2010;37(1):65-80.
Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and does not substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult your healthcare provider before making treatment decisions.